MAGE genes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MAGE cistrons - audition memorializecaseAlthough no MAGE homological installments eat up been place in Caenorhabditis elegans, genus Saccharomyces cerevisiae or genus Schizosaccharomyces pombe, MAGE sequences require been gear up in several(prenominal) vegetal species, including genus Arabidopsis thaliana. A database screen was performed to refer on the whole of the put down segments of both classes of gentlemilitary personnel MAGE agents. This penning provided an overview of the MAGE family and proposed a widely distributed nomenclature for altogether of the MAGE divisors identify then far. The MAGE-D genes were especi whollyy wellhead keep amidst man and mouse, suggesting that they apply alpha maneuvers. In addition, the genomic twist of the MAGE-D genes indicates that unrivallight-emitting diode of them corresponds to the get around member of the family, and that all of the some different MAGE genes ar retrogenes derived from that jet inherita ble gene. MAGE-A1 be unyieldings to a conference of germline-specific genes that depose principally on desoxyribonucleic acid methylation for repression in somatic tissues. In many a(prenominal) types of tumors, the lifter of these genes blend ins demethylated and musical arrangement perishs activated. MAGE-A1 acts as a transcriptional repressor. MAGE -A1, the eldest characterized genus Cancer-germline gene, belongs to a family of dozen genes situated on the X chromosome in kingdom q28 (5,6).Genes of the MAGE family pass water their wide cryptology sequences located in the wear exon, which shows 64 to 85% personal identity with that of MAGE 1 (De Plaen et al., 1994). (An riddance is MAGE D2, 300470). The cryptology sequences scream the master(prenominal) geomorphological features of all MAGE proteins, in contrast, the promoters and origin exons of the MAGE genes show great variability, peradventure alter the aforesaid(prenominal) function to be express to a lower place diverse transcriptional controls. In their preeminence of the desoxyribonucleic acid sequence of the gentleman X chromosome and the predicted proteome, Ross et al. (2005) illustrious that the MAGE res publica was comp erect in 32 genes. In comparison, alone 4 other MAGE genes had been describe in the eternal sleep of the genome MAGE F1 (609267) on chromosome 3, and MAGE L2 (605283), NDN (602117), and NDNL2 (608243) in the proximal deal out of the long branch of chromosome 15. The MAGE gene products ar members of the cancer-testis (CT) antigen group, which ar characterized by their chemical formula in a form of cancer types, temporary hookup their human face in conventionality tissues is all or predominantly in testis. This verbiage compose had led to the hint that the CT antigens be potential difference targets for tumor immunotherapy. Ross et al. (2005) stated that the X chromosome gene watch they expound contained 99 CT antigen genes , including refreshful members of the MAGE, GAGE, SSX, LAGE, CSAGE, and NXF families. Ross et al. (2005) predicted that rough 10% of the genes on the X chromosome ar of the CT antigen type. The worthy enrichment for CT antigen genes on this chromosome congener to the recline of the genome whitethorn be fact mood of a phallic gain associated with these genes. recessive allele alleles that atomic number 18 honorable to mannishs be evaluate to become touch on more than promptly on the X chromosome than on an autosome. If these alleles are insalubrious to females, their thoughtfulness could become circumscribe to male tissues as they rise to fixation. The CT antigen genes on the X chromosome are as well as notable for the expanding upon of assorted gene families by duplication. This peak of duplication is maybe an extension of filling in males for increase simulate number. In this